Anna University 1st Semester Engineering Graphics

UNIT – I (PLANE CURVES & FREEHAND SKETCHING
       a) ELLIPSE, PARABOLA & HYPERBOLA
1. Draw the locus of a point P moving so that the ratio of its distance from a fixed point F to
its distance from a fixed straight line DD’ is ¾ . Also draw tangent and normal to the curve
from any point on it.
2. Construct an ellipse given the distance of the focus from the directrix as 60 mm and
eccentricity as 2/3. Also draw tangent and normal to the curve at a point on it 20 mm
above the major axis.
3. Construct a parabola given the distance of the focus from the directrix as 50 mm. Also
draw tangent and normal to the curve from any point on it.
4. Draw the locus of a point P moving so that the ratio of its distance from a fixed point F to
its distance from a fixed straight line DD’ is 1. Also draw tangent and normal to the curve
from any point on it.
5. Draw a hyperbola when the distance between the focus and directrix is 40 mm and the
eccentricity is 4/3. Draw a tangent and normal at any point on the hyperbola.
b) CYCLOIDS & INVOLUTES
6. Draw the involute of a square of side 30 mm. Also draw tangent and normal to the curve
from any point on it.
7. A coir is unwound from a drum of 30mm diameter. Draw the locus of the free end of the
coir for unwinding through an angle of 360°. Draw also a tangent and normal at any point
on the curve. ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
   Kings College of Engineering / Mechanical / Question Bank / Page No. 2/11
8. A circle of 50 mm diameter rolls along a straight line without slipping. Draw the curve
traced by a point P on the circumference for one complete revolution. Draw a tangent and
normal on it 40 mm from the base line.
9. Draw an epicycloids generated by a rolling circle of diameter 40 mm and the diameter of
the directing circle is 140 mm. Also draw tangent and normal to the curve from any point
on it.
10. Draw a hypocycloid generated by a rolling circle of diameter 50 mm and the diameter of
the directing circle is 240 mm. Also draw tangent and normal to the curve from any point
on it.
c) FREEHAND SKETCHING (ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS FROM PICTORIAL VIEWS)
11. Draw the Orthographic views (Front, Top & Side views) of the given objects shown below.
a)
                                                  b)
            c) ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
   Kings College of Engineering / Mechanical / Question Bank / Page No. 3/11
d)          e)
     
f)                                                                                                g)
                                                                                     ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
   Kings College of Engineering / Mechanical / Question Bank / Page No. 4/11
UNIT – II (PROJECTION OF POINTS, LINES & PLANE SURFACES)
a) POINTS
1. Mark the projections of the following points on a common reference line:
        P, 35 mm behind the VP and 20 mm below the HP.  
Q, 40 mm in front of VP and  30 mm above the HP.  
R, 50 mm behind the VP and 15 mm above the HP.
  S, 40 mm below the HP and in the VP.
2. A point C is on HP and 15 mm behind VP. Another point D is also on HP and 40 mm in
front of VP. The distance between their projectors is 45 mm. Join their front views and
determine inclination of this line with XY line.
3. A point P is on HP and 20 mm in front of VP. Another point Q is also on HP and behind
VP. The distance between their end projectors is 60 mm. Draw its projections if the line
joining P & Q makes an angle of 60º with the reference line. Also find the positions of
point P and Q.
b) LINES
4. A line PQ, 50 mm long is perpendicular to HP and 15 mm in front of VP. The end P
nearer to HP 20 mm above it. Draw the projections of the line.
5. A line PQ, 60 mm long has one end P, 20 mm above the HP and 35 mm in front of VP.
The line is parallel to HP. The front view has a length of 50 mm. Find its true inclinations
with VP.
6. A line NS, 80 mm long has its end N,10 mm above the HP and 15 mm in front of VP. The
other end S is 65 mm above the HP and 50 mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of the
line and find its true Inclination with HP and VP.  
7. The end P of a line PQ is 30 mm above HP and 35 mm in front of VP. The line is inclined
at 35° to HP. Its top view is 70 mm long inclined at 40° to XY. Draw the projections of
straight line. Find the true length and inclination of the line with VP.
8. A line MN has its end M, 15 mm in front of VP and 20 mm above the HP. The other end N
is 55 mm in front of VP. The front view has a length of 80 mm. The distance between end ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
   Kings College of Engineering / Mechanical / Question Bank / Page No. 5/11
projectors is 65 mm. Draw the projections of line. Find its true length and true inclinations
by trapezoidal method.
9. The mid point of a line AB, 80 mm long, is 30 mm above HP and 45 mm in front of VP.
The line is inclined at  30º to HP and 50º to VP. Draw the projections.
10. A straight line ST has its end S, 10 mm in front of VP and nearer to it. The mid point ‘m’ of
the line is 50 mm in front of VP and 40 mm above HP. The front and top views measure
90 mm and 120 mm respectively. Draw the projections of the line. Also, find the true
inclinations with VP and the HP.
11. A line MN has its end M, 10 mm in front of VP and 15 mm above HP. The other end N is
50 mm in front of VP. The front view has a length of 70 mm. The distance between the
end projectors is 60 mm. Draw the projections of the line. Find its true length, true
inclinations and traces by trapezoidal method.
c) PLANE SURFACES
12. A regular hexagonal lamina of side 30 mm rests on one of its edges on HP. The lamina
makes 60°with HP and the edge on which it is resting makes an angle of 60° with VP.
Draw its projections.
13. A circular plate of diameter 70 mm has the end P of the diameter PQ in the HP and the
plate is inclined at 40° to HP. Draw its projections when the diameter PQ appears to be
inclined at 45° to VP in the top view.
14. A hexagonal plate of side 20 mm rests on the HP on one of its sides inclined at 45° to VP.
The surface of the plate makes an angle of 30° with the HP. Draw the front view and top
view of the plate. ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
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UNIT – III (PROJECTION OF SOLIDS)
1. A cube of side 40 mm rests on the HP on one of its ends with a vertical face inclined at
40° to VP. Draw its projections (top view, front view and side view).
2. A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis length 55mm is lying on the ground on
one of its rectangular faces. Draw its top view, front and left side view when its axis is
perpendicular to VP and the end nearer to the VP is 15 mm away from it.
3 A hexagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm rests on the HP on one of
its base edges with its axis inclined at 60° to HP and parallel to the VP. Draw its top and
front views.
4. A cylinder of diameter 30 mm and axis length 50 mm is resting on the HP on a point so
that its axis is inclined at 45° to HP and parallel to VP. Draw its top and front views.
5. A hexagonal prism, side of base 20mm and axis 60mm long lies on one of its longer
edges on HP and its axis is parallel to both HP and VP. Draw its projections.
6. Draw the projection of a cone of diameter 40mm and height 70mm lying on the ground on
one of its base points with a generator perpendicular to HP.
7. A cone of base diameter 50mm and axis length 65mm is resting on H.P on a point
on the circumference of the base with its axis inclined at 40
0
 to V.P and parallel to
H.P. Draw its Projections.
8. A square prism of base side 35mm and axis length 60mm lies on the HP on one of its
longer edges with its faces equally inclined to the HP.  Draw its projections when its axis
is inclined at 30
0
 to the VP.
9. A square pyramid of base side 35mm and axis length 65mm is resting on HP on one of its
triangular faces with its axis parallel to VP. Draw its projections.
10. A right pentagonal pyramid of side 20 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on one of its edges of
the base in the HP. The base being tilted up such that the apex is 30 mm above HP.
Draw the projection of the pyramid when the edge on which it is resting is perpendicular
to VP.
11. A hexagonal pyramid of side 25mm, axis 75 mm long lies with one of its triangular faces
on the HP and its axis parallel to VP. Draw its projections. ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
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UNIT – IV (SECTION OF SOLIDS AND DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES))
SECTION OF SOLIDS
1. A cube of side 30 mm rests on the HP on its end with the vertical faces equally inclined to
the VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to the VP and inclined at 30° to HP meeting the
axis at 25 mm above the base. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of
the section.
2. A pentagonal prism of base side 40mm and height 85mm rests on the H.P such that two
of its base edges are equally inclined to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to the V.P
and inclined 45
0
 to the H.P. The cutting plane meets the axis at 30mm from the top. Draw
the front view, sectional top view and true shape of the section.
3. A hexagonal prism of side of base 20 mm and length 60 mm rests on HP with its axis
being vertical and one edge of its base inclined at 15° to VP. The solid is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP and inclined at 40° to HP and bisecting the axis of the prism. Draw
the projections of the prism and true shape of thesection.
4. A cylinder of diameter 50mm and height 60mm rests on its base on H.P. It is cut by a
plane perpendicular to V.P. and inclined at 45
0
 to H.P. The cutting plane meets the axis at
a distance of 15mm from the top.  Draw the sectional plan and true shape of the section.
5. A right circular cone of base diameter 50mm and axis length 60mm rests on its base on
the H.P. It is cut  by a plane perpendicular to the H.P and inclined at 60
0
 to the VP. The
shortest distance between the cutting plane and the top view of the axis is 8mm. Draw the
top view, sectional front view and the true shape of the section.
6. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 20mm and altitude 55mm rests on its base on HP with
one base edge being perpendicular to VP.  It is cut by plane inclined at 50
0
 to base.  The
cutting plane meets the axis at 15mm above the base.  Draw the front view, sectional top
view and true shape of the section
7. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25mm and axis 55 mm rests on its base on the HP
with two base edges perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and
inclined at 30° to HP, meeting the axis at 20mm from the vertex. Draw its front view,
sectional top view and true shape of the section.  ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
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8. A square pyramid of base side 25mm and altitude 40mm rests on the HP on its base with
the base edges equally inclined to the VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to the VP and
inclined at 30° to the HP meeting the axis at 21mm above the HP .Draw the sectional top
view and the true shape of the section.
9. A cone of base diameter 50mm and altitude 60mm rests on its base on the HP. It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to the VP and inclined at  40
0
 to the HP. The cutting plane
meets the axis at 30mm from the vertex .Draw the sectional top view.
10. A cone of base diameter 50mm and altitude 60mm rests on its base on the HP . It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to the VP and parallel to one of the extreme generators , 10mm
away from it .Draw the sectional top view and the true shape of the section
DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES
1. A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis height 75 mm is resting on its base on
HP with two of its lateral surfaces parallel to VP. It is cut by plane perpendicular to VP
and inclined at 45º to HP, bisecting the axis. Draw the development of lateral surfaces of
the lower portion of the prism.
2. A hexagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis height 70 mm is resting on its base on
HP with one of its faces parallel to VP. It is cut by plane perpendicular to VP and inclined
at 35º to HP, meeting the axis at a distance of 40  mm from the base. Draw the
development of lateral surfaces of the lower portion of the prism
3. A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and height 60 mm is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP and 50º to HP and passing through the axis at a height of 35 mm
above the base. Draw the development of the lower portion of the solid.
4. A hexagonal prism of side of base is 25 mm and height 55mm rests with its base on HP
and one of its rectangular faces is parallel to VP. A circular hole of 40 mm diameter is
drilled through the prism such that the axis of the hole bisects the axis of the prism at right
angles and is perpendicular to VP. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the
prism with the hole.
5. A cylinder of diameter 45 mm and height 70 mm is resting vertically on one of its ends on
the HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 45º to HP. The plane
meets the axis at a point 35 mm above the base. Draw the development of the lateral
surface of the lower portion of the truncated cylinder.  ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
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6. A vertical chimney of 60 m diameter joins a roof sloping at an angle of 35º with the
horizontal. The shortest portion over the roof is 25 m. Determine the shape of the sheet
metal from which the chimney can be fabricated. Take a scale of 1:20.
7. A right circular cone of base diameter 50 mm and height 75 mm is resting on its base on
the ground. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30º to HP. The cutting
plane bisects the axis of the cone. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the
truncated cone.
8. A cone of base diameter 50 mm and height 75 mm rests vertically on its base on the
ground. A string is wound around the curved surface of the cone starting from the left
extreme point on the base and ending at the same point. Find the shortest length of the
string required. Also trace the path of the string in front and top views.
9. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and height 65 mm rests on its base on the
ground with a base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and
inclined at 55º to HP and meets the axis at a height of 30 mm from the base. Draw the
lateral surface development.
10. A square pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on the HP
with two side of the base parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane bisecting the axis and inclined
at 30º to the base. Draw the development of the lower part of the pyramid.
11. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and height 70 mm is resting vertically on its
base on the ground with one of its base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP and parallel to HP at a distance of 35 mm above the base. Draw the
development of the lateral surfaces of the frustum of pyramid. Also show the sectional
plan view.
12. A pentagonal prism of base side 25mm and height 60mm stands on one of its ends on
the HP with a rectangular face parallel to the VP.A hole of diameter 30mm is drilled
centrally through the prism in such a way that the axis of the hole bisects the axis of the
prism at right angles. The axis of the hole is perpendicular to the VP. Draw the
development of the lateral surfaces of the prism.
13. A circular hole of diameter 30mm is drilled through a vertical cylinder of diameter 50mm
and height 65mm .The axis of the hole is perpendicular to the VP and meets the axis of
the cylinder at right angles at a height of 30mm above the base. Draw the development of
the lateral surface of the cylinder. ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
   Kings College of Engineering / Mechanical / Question Bank / Page No. 10/11
UNIT – V   ISOMERTIC AND PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION
ISOMERTIC PROJECTION
1. A cylinder of height 65 mm and diameter 40 mm is resting on its base on the HP. It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30º to the HP. The plane passes through a
point on the axis located at 25 mm from the top. Draw the isometric projection of the cut
cylinder.
2. A frustum of a square pyramid of bottom edge 50 mm, top edge 25 mm and height 50
mm. Draw the isometric projection of the frustum.
3. A hexagonal pyramid of base 25 mm and height 60 mm stands with its base on the HP
with an edge of base parallel to VP. A horizontal plane cuts the pyramid and passes
through a point on the axis at a distance of 30 mm from the apex. Draw the isometric
projection of the frustum of the pyramid.
4. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and height 65 mm stands with its base on HP
with a side of base perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 30º to HP and
perpendicular to VP and passes through a point at a distance of 30 mm from the apex.
Draw the isometric view of the bottom portion of the pyramid.
5. Draw the isometric projection of a hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and height 50
mm when it rests on one of its ends on HP with two its base sides parallel to VP.
6. A cone of 50 mm diameter and height 70 mm stands on HP with its base. It is cut by a
cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30º to HP, cutting the axis of the cone at
a height of 40 mm from the base. Draw the isometric view of the remaining part of the
cone. ME 1101 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION
1. A cube of side 40mm is resting on the ground on one of its faces, with a vertical
face in PP and the rest behind it. The central plane is located 50mm to the left of
the axis of the cube. This station point is 40mm in front of PP and 60mm above
GP. Draw the perspective view of the solid.
2. A square pyramid of side of base 50mm and altitude 70mm stands on the ground
vertically with an edge of base parallel to and 20mm behind PP. The station point
is 40mm in front of PP and 70mm above the ground. The central plane is located
45mm to the left of the axis of the solid. Draw the perspective view of the solid.
3. A Pentagonal pyramid of 30mm base side and axis height 40mm is standing on its
base on the ground Plane with a base side parallel to and 25mm behind PP. The
central plane is 35mm to the left of the apex and the station point is 40mm in front
of PP and 20mm above the GP. Draw the perspective view of the solid.
4. A cylinder of diameter 40mm and height 65mm rests with its base on the GP such
that the axis is 25mm behind the PP. The station point is 30mm in front of the PP
and 110mm above the GP and lies in a central plane which is 65mm to the right of
the axes of the solids. Draw the perspective view of the cylinder.
5. Draw the perspective projection of a square prism of base side 40 mm and height 50 mm.
One of the vertical lateral faces is parallel to PP and 30 mm behind it. The station point is
80 mm from the PP and 80 mm above the ground and 60 mm to the right of the axis of
the prism. (Use visual ray method

Anna University 1st Semester FOC

                        DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Sub Code   :185102

Sub Name  : Fundamentals of Computer Programming

                                                Question Bank - CAT - I

PART A

1. Define Computer.
2. Write short notes on ENIAC and UNIVAC.
3. Difference between digital computer and analog computer.
4. Write the main technology used in all computer generations.
5. Define: VLSI.
6. Write short notes on parallel processing & Artificial Intelligence.
7. Write short notes on Mainframe.
8. Write short notes on Super Computer.
9. Write the importance of Central Processing Unit.
10. What are the main functions of Input/Output devices?
11. What do you mean by Registers? What is the purpose registers in computer?
12. Convert decimal number 0.4375 into binary system.
13. Convert Hexa-decimal 45FA into Octal number.
14. Obtain the 1’s and 2’s complement of decimal number 542.
15. Define: Computer Program.
16. Define Algorithm.
17. Write briefly about properties of algorithm.
18. List the advantages of flowchart than other design tools.
19. State guidelines for preparing flowcharts.
20. Define: Pseudo code.
21. State the benefits and limitations of pseudo code.
22. Explain neatly about Repetition Control Structure.
23. Explain neatly about Selection Control Structure.
24. Features of MS-Excel.

PART B

1. Write the characteristics of computer.                                                                     

2. Discuss in detail about various generations of computer.

3. Write the major classification of computers

4. Explain the different components of computer with block diagram.                 

  5.  Convert the below numbers into other number systems with detailed steps.     

Decimal	Binary	Octal	Hexa-Decimal
1222.378	?	?	?
?	1111.011101	?	?
?	?	734	?
?	?	?	444FE

6.      Draw and explain the various symbols of flowchart

7.      Draw a flowchart to find factorial for a given number.                                                                                          

  8.  Write the algorithm and pseudocode to find the sum of below series.                 

                       a) 1+3+5+7+9+……….+21                                                                                                                               

                       b) 1+3+5+9+13+21+….. upto 10 terms.                                                     

 9.  Write the algorithm and pseudocode to find the sum digit for a given number.

10. Write the guidelines, benefits and limitations on writing Pseudo code.

11. Explain the features and applications of MS-WORD package.                          

12. Explain the features and applications of MS-Excel package.                          

                       

                        DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Sub Code   : GE2112

Sub Name  : Fundamentals of Computing and Programming

                                                Question Bank - CAT - II

PART A

1. Define Algorithm.
2. Write briefly about properties of algorithm.
3. List the advantages of flowchart than other design tools.
4. State guidelines for preparing flowcharts.
5. Define: Pseudo code.
6. State the benefits and limitations of pseudo code.
7. Explain neatly about Repetition Control Structure.
8. Explain neatly about Selection Control Structure.
9. Features of MS-Excel.

PART B

1.Draw and explain the various symbols of flowchart

2.Draw a flowchart to find factorial for a given number.                                                                                          

3.Write the algorithm and pseudocode to find the sum of below series.                 

                       a) 1+3+5+7+9+……….+21                                                                                                                               

                       b) 1+3+5+9+13+21+….. upto 10 terms.                                                     

 4.Write the algorithm and pseudocode to find the sum digit for a given number.

5.Write the guidelines, benefits and limitations on writing Pseudo code.

6.Explain the features and applications of MS-WORD package.                           

7.Explain the features and applications of MS-Excel package.                          

                       

GE2112-FOCP

CAT-5 QBANK

PART-A.

1. What is meant by operating system?
2. What is a need for operating system?
3. What is software?
4. Define Application software?
5. Define System software?
6. Difference between Software & hardware?
7. Write the functions of operating system?
8. What are the Language Translators?
9. What is compiler?
10. What is interpreter?
11. What is assembler?
12. Give the software development steps?
13. Define internet?
14. What are the internet services?
15. Write short notes on ARPANET?

PART-B.

1. Describe the software?
2. Describe the software development steps?
3. Write the components of a computer system?
4. Explain in detail about Internet Evolution and Internet terminologies.                
5. Explain system software
6. Explain application software
7. Explain utility software                                       

  

Anna University 1st Semester PHYSICS

Question Bank – CAT-I

Unit 1 ULTRASONICS

Part – A

1. Mention any 4 properties of ultrasonic waves.
2. What is magnetostriction effect?
3. What is meant by piezoelectric effect?
4. What are the different methods used for the production of ultrasonic waves?
5. What is SONAR? Explain how ultrasonic waves are used in SONAR.
6. What is meant by Sonogram?
7. What is acoustic grating?
8. Name any four methods of detection of ultrasonic waves.
9. What are the different scanning methods used in ultrasonic?
10. How are ultrasonic waves used to measure depth of sea?
11. What is cavitation? Mention its use.
12. Explain the application of ultrasound in medical field.
13. An ultrasonic source of 0.07 MHz sends down a pulse towards the seabed which returns after 0.65 sec. The velocity of sound in sea water is 1700 m/s. Calculate the depth of the sea.

Part – B

1. Explain with neat circuit diagram, the generation of ultrasonic waves using magnetostriction method and list out some properties of ultrasonic waves.(12+4)

2. (i) Explain how ultrasonic waves can be produced by using piezoelectric crystal and write any four  

     applications of ultrasonic. (12)

             (ii) A ultrasonic generator consists of a quartz plate of thickness 0.7 mm and density 2800 kg/m³. Find the   

                   fundamental frequency of ultrasonic waves if the Young’s modulus of quartz is 8.8 x 10 ¹⁰ N/m².(4)

3. Describe the following:

(i)                   Discuss about the application of ultrasonic waves in NDT. (8)

(ii)                 Different modes of scanning used in ultrasonic Imaging technique. (8)

4. (i) What is acoustic Grating? With a neat diagram explain the theory and use of it to determine the velocity      

      of ultrasonic waves in liquid. (2+8)

(ii)  Industrial application of ultrasonics (6)

UNIT 2   LASER AND ITS APPLICATION

Part – A

1.        What does the term LASER stands for?

2.        What are the characteristics of laser beam?

3.        What is mean by coherence in laser light?

4.        Distinguish between spontaneous and stimulated emission.

5.        What are Einstein’s coefficients A and B in laser?

6.        What is the principle of laser?

7.        What are the conditions needed for the laser action?

8.        What is meant by population inversion and metastable state.?

9.        What is meant by pumping mechanism?

10.     What are different types of pumping mechanism to achieve population inversion?

11.     What are the important requisites for laser action to takes place?

12.     What are the different types of laser?                                                                                          

13.     What is meant by direct band gap and indirect band gap semiconductor?

14.     What are the roles played by the He and N₂ in CO₂  laser?

15.     Mention any two applications of laser.

16.     What is meant by hologram?

17.     What is the reason for using a laser beam in holography?

18.     State any four applications of laser in engineering and industry.

19.     State any four application of laser in medicine.

20.     How will you convert LED into laser source?

21.     Compare holography with photography.

22.     Write down the ratio of the stimulated emission to spontaneous emission.

23.      What is the principle of semiconductor laser?

24.     What are the advantages of heterojunction semiconductor laser over homojunction  semiconductor laser?

Part – B

1.        For atomic transitions, derive Einstein relation and hence deduce the expressions for the ratio of spontaneous emission rate to the stimulated emission rate. (16)

2.        Explain the different methods used for pumping of atoms.(8)

3.        What is a gas laser? Explain the working of He-Ne laser with relevant diagram.(8)

4.        Describe the construction and working of Nd-YAG laser.(8)

5.       What is a molecular gas laser? Explain the modes of vibrations of CO₂ molecule and describe the construction and working of a CO₂ laser with a neat sketch. (16)

6.        What is a semiconductor diode laser? Explain the construction and working of Ga-As laser. (homojunction semiconductor laser)(8)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

7.       Explain with a neat sketch the construction and reconstruction of a hologram using laser beam.(8)

8.        Write a short notes on material processing?(8)

Department of Physics

Question Bank - Unit 3 -FIBRE OPTICS

Part – A

1.      What is fiber optics?

2.      Define acceptance angle and numerical aperture.

3.      What are the types of optical fibers?

4.      Differentiate single mode from multimode fiber.

5.      Define total internal reflection and what are the conditions to obtain total internal reflection?

6.      Mention the components involved in fiber optical communication system.

7.      What are the advantages of the fiber optical communication system over conventional system?

8.      Why optical fibers are called as waveguides?

9.      What are the differences between step index and graded index fiber?

10.  What type of sources is used for optical communication system?

11.  What is called mode of propagation in optical fibres?

12.  Define intermodal dispersion.

13.  Define attenuation in an optical fibre and mention its unit.

14.  What is dispersion?

15. Calculate the Numerical aperture and Acceptance angle of a fibre with the core refractive index of 1.54 and cladding 1.50.
16. A silica optical fiber has a core refractive index of 1.5 and cladding refractive index of 1.47. Calculate the Critical angle at the core-cladding interface.
17. A signal of 100mW is injected into a fibre. The outgoing signal from the other end is 40mW. Find the loss in dB.
18. What is splicing? Mention the two types of splicing.
19. List any four factors that cause losses in optical fibre.

20.  What are active and passive sensors?

Part – B

1. (i) Define Numerical aperture and derive an expression for the Numerical aperture and Acceptance angle of fibre in terms of refractive index of the core and cladding of the fibre. (8)

(ii) Describe the double crucible technique for the production of optical fibre cables (8)

      2.   (i) Discuss the mechanisms of attenuation, dispersion and bending losses in optical fibres.(10)

(ii) Explain the principles and working of temperature and displacement sensors with neat   

      diagram. (6)

3. (i) Explain the various types of optical fibres (10)

       (ii) Describe the construction and working of an Endoscope (6)

4.  Explain in detail about light sources and light detectors involved in optical fibre communication with necessary diagram. (16)

5.       (i) Describe a fiber optic communication system with block diagram.

 (ii) Describe the principle, construction and working of light emitting diode.

 (iii) Give the advantages of fibre optic communication over conventional system. (6+8+2)

Unit 4 Quantum Physics

Part – A

1. What is the physical significance of wave function?
2. Give the special features of Quantum theory of radiation.
3. What is the principle of electron microscope?
4. Explain the principle of transmission electron microscope
5. Calculate the de-broglie wavelength of an electron, which has been accelerated from rest on application of potential of 400V
6. Deduce Rayleigh-Jeans law from Planck’s law for radiation.
7. The wavelength of X-ray photon is doubled when it is scattered through an angle of 90⁰ by a target material. Find the incident wavelength.
8. The de-broglie wavelength of an electron is 1.226A⁰. What is the accelerating potential?
9. What is Compton wavelength and calculate its value.
10. What are degenerate and non degenerate states?

Part – B

1.       What are the basic postulates of quantum theory of light? Derive Planck’s law of radiation. (4+12)

2.       Derive time dependent Schrodinger wave equation and hence derive time independent Schrodinger wave equation. (16)

3.       Give the theory of Compton Effect and briefly explain its experimental verification. (16)

4.        (i) Derive time-independent Schrodinger wave equation. (6)

(ii)Using time-independent Schrodinger wave equation normalize the wave function of electron trapped in a One-dimensional potential well. (10)

5.       Compare SEM and TEM.(6)

6.       An X ray photon of wavelength 1.24 x 10^-3A⁰ is scattered by a free electron through an angle 90⁰. Calculate the energy of the scattered photon(4)

7.       With a neat sketch, describe the scanning process of a SEM.

Unit 5   Crystal Physics

Part – A

1.        Define space lattice.

2.        What is meant by basis?

3.        Define the term crystal structure.

4.        What are interfacial angles?

5.        Define the term unit cell.

6.        What is meant by lattice parameters?

7.        Name the seven types of crystal systems.

8.        What is Bravais lattice?

9.        What are miller indices?

10.     Draw the crystal planes for (110) and (001).

11.     Define the following term (i) Atomic radius  (ii) Co ordination number  (iii) packing density

12.     Show that for a BCC crystal structure, the lattice constant is given by , where r is the atomic radius.

13.     Establish the relationship between the radius and the inter atomic distance for a FCC crystal.

14.     Draw a diagram of the unit cell of the closed HCP.

15.     For a cubic lattice, draw the (231) plane showing the value of intercepts with the coordinate axes.

16.     Draw the schematic diagram of SC, BCC and FCC unit cells.

17.     What is a primitive unit cell?

18.     Show that for a simple cubic system d₁₀₀:d₁₁₀:d₁₁₁: : 6:3:2

19.     The lattice constant for a unit cell is 2.02Å. Calculate the spacing of (111) plane.

20.     The lattice constant for a FCC structure is 4.938A⁰. Calculate the interplanar spacing of (220) planes.

21.     The lattice constant of a metal with cubic lattice is 2.88 A⁰. The density of metal is 7200 Kg/m³. Calculate the number of unit cell present in 1Kg of the metal.

22.     Determine the lattice constant for FCC crystal having atomic radius 1.476A⁰.

23.     Which crystal structure is having least coordination number? Give example.

24.     Give the relationship between interplanar distance and cubic edges.

25.     What is polymorphism and allotropy?

26.     Give an account on imperfections in crystal.

27.     Write a note on point imperfections.

28.     What are Vacancies?

29.     Write a note on grain boundaries.

30.     Write a short note on Burger vector?

31.     What are dislocations?

32.     What are Frenkel and Schottky imperfections?

Part – B

1.        What are miller indices? How will you determine the miller indices of a given plane? What are the distinct features of miller indices?

2.        Define the term coordination number, atomic radius and packing density. Calculate the above factors for SC, BCC and FCC.

3.        Determine the coordination number and packing density for HCP structure. Show that a HCP structure demands an axial ratio of 1.633.

4.        Explain in detail the crystal defects and their types (16)

5.        Explain the characteristics of unit cell of the diamond and NaCl structure.(8)

6.        What is packing factor? Obtain packing factors for SC, BCC and FCC structures. (16)

7.         What are miller indices? Derive an expression for interplanar spacing for (hkl) planes of a cubic structure. (4+8)

8.        Calculate the lattice constant and distance between two adjacent atoms for potassium bromide crystal (FCC lattice) having the density and molecular weight of 2700 Kg/m³ and 119 resp.(6)

9.        Show that the face centered cubic and hexagonal close packed structure has the same atomic packing factor. (10)

10.     Show that for the cubic structure the interplanar distance d in terms of miller indices and cell edge a is given by          (8)

11.       (i) What are Bravais lattice?

           (ii) Derive an expression for the interplanar spacing in a cubic structure.

            (iii) With a neat diagram describe the edge dislocation. (2+8+6)

        

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